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ผู้เขียน หัวข้อ: What is Purchasing Department  (อ่าน 338 ครั้ง)

anyaha

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เมื่อ: พฤษภาคม 16, 2021, 11:50:52 am
What is Purchasing Department
Purchasing Department: Characteristics, Functions

The purchasing department is the section of a company responsible for all activities for the business acquisition financing of raw materials, spare parts, services, etc., as required by the organization. It provides a service that is the backbone of many industrial, retail, and military organizations.

Ensures that supplies necessary to operate the business are ordered and kept in inventory. This department is at the center of successful supply chain management, and is responsible for minimizing the cost of ordered products, controlling inventory levels, and establishing strong relationships with suppliers.

A good purchasing department will demand quality from suppliers and will follow up on orders from the beginning to the reception. Help other departments identify needs, manage the requisition process, and obtain competitive prices. They usually act as controllers to ensure compliance with budgets.

Characteristics
Act as trusted advisers to senior management
The purchasing department is involved in corporate planning and budgeting at a high level. This makes it possible to design reverse engineering costs and explore potentially less expensive and / or higher quality alternatives.

Drive supplier innovation
More than just demanding the lowest price, the purchasing department works with suppliers to reduce the underlying cost of their products and services. They are intimately involved with "the life cycle of innovation", from initial idea to manufacturing and continuous improvement.
Provide insight into key vendor data
Companies can draw on this information to create predictive analytics, providing a deeper insight into markets.

Manage and mitigate supply chain risk
Economic crises have taught the value of being aware of the stability of suppliers. The purchasing department has a much clearer view of that area than any other part of the organization.

Promote agile staffing and talent development
It is necessary to cross functional and geographic boundaries to find the right candidates for the purchasing department.
In some cases, the answer is in outsourcing or using shared service organizations.

Features
Obtaining materials
For a manufacturing company this could include raw materials, but it could also include tools, machinery, or even the necessary office supplies for the sales team and secretaries.
In a retail business, the purchasing department must ensure that there are always enough products on the shelves or in warehouses to keep the store well stocked.

It is especially important to keep your inventory warehouse at a reasonable level. Overinvesting large amounts of money in inventory could lead to stock problems and a lack of capital for other types of expenses, such as research and development, or advertising.

Evaluate prices

A purchasing department is in charge of continuously evaluating whether you are receiving the materials at the best possible price, in order to maximize profitability.

You need to compare prices so that you can find the best suppliers with the most sensible prices for company-specific size orders.

The purchasing department can contact alternate vendors, negotiate better prices for higher volume orders, or inquire about the possibility of obtaining lower priced products from a variety of other sources.

Vendor pre-approval
The purchasing department evaluates suppliers in terms of price, quality, customer opinions and time to complete orders, producing a list of approved suppliers.

Track orders
Orders are documented with purchase order forms. These specify important information about the materials ordered, as well as the quantity ordered.

These forms are used to ensure that ordered products are received and to track the time it takes for orders to complete.

Office work
The purchasing department handles all the documentation related to the purchase and delivery of the materials.

This means working closely with your accounting department to ensure that there is enough money to purchase items, that cash flows smoothly, and that all payments are made on time.

Policy compliance
Before making a purchase, the purchasing department has to ensure that it complies with the formalities for the acquisition and approval of the budget, and it must ensure that the materials are purchased following the general policy of the organization.

Importance
Get lower costs
The purchasing department plays an important role in maximizing business profits. Compare prices and negotiate with suppliers so that the company obtains the best possible price on the necessary products.

You can also provide savings by taking advantage of guarantees and discounts that non-specialists generally forget.

It helps to save, providing better transparency in company spending. This will allow you to negotiate better contracts and free up cash flow.

Prevent insufficient materials

The purchasing department has to identify which products are critical to the business and take appropriate measures to protect its supply chain.

To ensure that insufficient materials do not affect productivity, the purchasing department uses techniques such as multiple sourcing.

Having multiple sources means using multiple vendors that offer the same products. If there is a problem with one supplier, orders can be increased to another to compensate for the failure.

Improve quality
The purchasing department helps improve quality by setting performance goals. Then it tracks actual performance against those goals.

It is critical to measure quality characteristics using indicators for attributes, such as durability, product appearance, or timeliness of delivery.

They work closely with suppliers to develop their processes and help them improve quality.

Manage relationships

The challenge for the purchasing department is to get the supplier interested in working with the company. Make the supplier invest in a long-term relationship.

The department also has to manage relationships within the company. You have to work with internal stakeholders, such as marketing, finance, logistics, and distribution, to ensure that they are all aligned.

Seek innovation
Because the purchasing department is always in contact with a variety of external businesses, it is in an ideal position to acquire innovative products that can provide a competitive advantage to the business in terms of price, quality or convenience.

see also finance and business knowledge

What Is Bookkeeping
What Are Taxes Payable
Armand Feigenbaum Biography
What Is Zero Base Budgeting
What Is Chart of Accounts

« แก้ไขครั้งสุดท้าย: พฤษภาคม 24, 2023, 02:33:55 pm โดย anyaha »




anyaha

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ตอบกลับ #2 เมื่อ: พฤษภาคม 16, 2021, 11:52:08 am
Top 10 Scary Japanese Urban Legends
10. Teke-Teke


This is the Urban Legend about a girl who fell under a train and was cut in half. She became a vengeful spirit that moves using her hands and elbows, dragging herself while making the sound -Tek-Tek- … if you hear that noise, youre supposed to run. Those who are caught by the Tek Tek will recieve a fate like her - shes said to slash her victims in half so that they look like her, and possibly become wandering vengeful spirits as she is.

9. Slit Mouthed Woman


You may recognise this one from a number of Japanese movies and TV shows. The traditional name for this being is Kuchi-sake-onna and dates back over 300 years ago. She is a woman who was brutally mutilated by her husband after he found she was having an affair with another Samurai. This left her in death as a restless spirit. She is said to cover her mouth with a cloth mask, a fan or a scarf. If you approach her, shell ask you if you think shes pretty. If you answer yes, she will remove the mask and when the victim screams they will be slashed from ear to ear until they look like her. Even if you say no, shes said to follow you home and brutally murder you that night.

8. Daruma-san


This urban legend is more of an old game passed down through the years. You shower in a bath, turn off the lights and chant -Daruma-san fell down- while you wash your hair … its said that you will see a woman in your mind. She is Daruma-San. Shell be standing up in a bath. Youll see her slip and fall onto an old rusty tap. It goes straight through her eye and kills her. Then, you will feel her ghostly presence behind you. If you turn around - there she is. Black tangled hair, rotting clothes, one eye is bloodshot and the other is just a bloody, hollow eye socket. The game continues even further than that if you dare, but I think thats enough for you to understand this creepy urban legend.

7. Girl From The Gap


This Japanese story comes from peoples natural fear of what lies lurking in the cracks of a home. Do you ever see something move past the hinge of a door? Is that someone looking out from inside your wardrobe? Have you ever pictured a hand reaching out from between your bed and the floor? Well it could be the girl from the gap - a spirit that lives both physically and metaphorically -between worlds-. Its said that if you ever see her, she will ask if you want to play hide and seek. At that point the game is on. When you her between a gap again, shell drag you to an other worldly hell.

6. The Red Room


This is a very modern Japanese urban legend about a pop up ad thats red with black test. In a childs voice, it simply repeats the phrase -Do you like?-. A boy who got the popup tried to close it but it kept reappearing. Then, it changed to -Do you like red?- … he keeps trying to close it but it grows large and changes again to say -Do you like the red room?- … then, the site changes. All red and black. It has a list of names on it - his friends is at the bottom. And hand reaches out towards the boys neck from a video. tHE Ending gets even more twisted but guess what, its based on a real website. Its still out there. If you can find it, youll know the gruesome legend of the red room and if the horrible ending comes true for you.

5. The Human Pillars


This legend dates back to ancient times in Japan where its known as Hito-bashira. Back then, there was a belief that a human sacrifice sealed inside a structure would make a foundation more stable. This means that many old Japanese buildings are said to contain the spirits of the people who were sacrificed during their construction. One famous example is Matsue Castle where a woman was sealed inside the foundations during its construction. Now her spirit is said to haunt the castle and whenever a woman dances there, the castle shakes violently. Many building owners in Japan are open about their building being a Human Pillar.

4. The Snake Woman


This one comes from the old Japanese folklore pf Nure-onna which translates to wet woman. She is often described as having the head of a woman and the body of a snake - with long claws, snake eyes and jet black hair.  She carries with her a childlike bundle to lure in her victims. If a person tries to pick up the baby, they find its not a child at all. The bundle then becomes very heavy and stops the victim from fleeing. The snake woman then uses her long tongue to suck all of the blood from the victims body until they die.

3. Onibaba


She is a demon women that often appears in Japanese folk folklore. She will often appear as an old woman asking for help but if you get to close, she will slice you open with a knife and eat you. She is said to be the tormented spirit of a woman who accidently killed her pregnant daughter and unborn grandchild in an effort to find a cure for her friends child being sick. She was told to bring them the liver of an unborn child but when she finally killed her victims, she found they were her own family.

2. The Dream School


This one is extra creepy because apparently if you don't forget it within a week - it will happen to you. Lets see if this is true. One night, a boy had a dream about a school. The hallways looped forever, bringing him back to the start. Staircases led back to the first floor. As he got scared, he heard footsteps behind him. He ran until he found an emergency exit with a glass box and a key next to it. The glass had been smashed and there was a note saying it could be found in room 108. When he found that room, it was empty - no students - but there were backpacks hanging off every chair. There was a pounding on the door. He opened it, terrified, to find the hallways covered with dead children. Its said that he never woke up from his dream and if you don't forget the story in one week, youll meet the same fate. Don't worry though guys

1. Onryo


This is a traditional Japanese ghost belief about a vengeful spirt that can and will physically hurt the living. Its a very scary concept if youre only familiar with the western idea of ghosts which don't really take solid forms and so cant hurt humans with physical contact. Thats not true for an Onryo. They are vengeful and full of hate, stopping at nothing to enact the suffering they received when they were alive. For any of you guys who have seen The Grudge, this spirit is the influence for that creepy girl in that movie.








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« แก้ไขครั้งสุดท้าย: พฤษภาคม 24, 2023, 02:36:52 pm โดย anyaha »




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ตอบกลับ #4 เมื่อ: พฤษภาคม 16, 2021, 11:53:33 am
Finding Travel Insurance After A Cancer Diagnosis
For people suffering from cancer and other serious conditions, finding adequate travel insurance can be tricky. But help is at hand from specialist companies providing great cover at reasonable cost

Finding suitable travel insurance after a cancer diagnosis can be fraught with problems. The premiums quoted online often cost more than the holiday or else any claim relating to the cancer is excluded.

Action is underway that should lead to better levels of insurance and more reasonable prices for those with medical conditions. But in the meantime consumers must know where to look to avoid buying inadequate cover.

All insurers and comparison websites will soon be required to signpost consumers with preexisting conditions to specialist travel insurers, whether they have offered them a quote for cover or not. It follows an investigation into this market by the regulator - the Financial Conduct Authority.

Andrew Williams, business development manager for specialist travel insurer Free Spirit, says: "The FCA is in discussions with insurers, and changes should be coming soon, which is great news for anyone with cancer or any other serious condition who has struggled to find insurance. Cover is out there for people in this situation but it can be difficult to know how to get it."

A recent survey by consumer group Which? found that when consumers with pre-existing medical conditions apply for travel insurance, around one in five are only offered cover that excludes claims arising from their condition and one in four faced inflated premiums.

"Research by Which? highlights the importance of speaking to a specialist broker or insurer when you have cancer or other medical condition," says Sarah Page, brand manager for specialist insurer Insurancewith. “Not everyone's situation is going to fit neatly into the tick boxes on a screen when applying for cover."

Ms Page adds: “At Insurancewith we can offer one-to-one medical underwriting and policies tailored to your specific needs so the price more accurately reflects the risk. This usually makes it much more affordable, particularly for someone with cancer.”

The type of cancer you have, its stage, your treatment and your medication will all affect the premium, as will your age - with older consumers typically having to pay more, as statistically they are more likely to claim.

Your choice of destination and the duration of the trip will also have a bearing on the cost. This is because the cost of healthcare in different countries varies widely. In Spain, for example, tourists will often be directed to private clinics when they need medical attention - this can vastly inflate the cost of a claim, compared to state-funded healthcare. Healthcare in the US and Australia, for example, can also be expensive.

The delay to Brexit means holidaymakers to European Union countries can continue to use the European Health Insurance Card (known as EHIC) for now - although future arrangements are unclear. EHIC entitles you to emergency state healthcare in EU countries. But consumers should not rely on this as an alternative to travel insurance. The standards of care may be much lower than with the NHS. It also won't cover the costs of repatriation.

The majority of insurers in the market use medical screening software called Healix, although a number use a different package called Protectif. The screening will ask questions about your condition and treatment to arrive at a 'medical score' before offering a premium cost for the travel insurance. As the two screening methods are slightly different it can be worthwhile getting quotes from a range of insurers that use different screening software.

Chris Rolland, chief executive at specialist insurer AllClear, says: "Declare everything. You will be asked to provide answers to set questions relating to each medical condition to ensure the insurer gets the information it needs to offer appropriate cover."

Using a broker can be helpful as it will look across a broad spectrum of providers to find you the best cover and price for your needs. The British Insurance Brokers' Association (BIBA) website at biba. org.uk can help you find one.

For most people with cancer and serious pre-existing conditions, and even those with a terminal diagnosis, it should be possible to find cover at a reasonable cost, although in some circumstances specific and tailored underwriting may be necessary.

Fi Munro, 33, from Errol, Perthshire, was diagnosed with stage-4b ovarian cancer in January 2016. She has since written a book How Long Have I Got?, set up an award-winning blog - Live Like You are Dying - and started her own businesses teaching yoga and meditation.

Fi says: "After the diagnosis I just wanted to live my life in the way I wanted and without barriers. I love to travel, but looking around for insurance that would cover me and my cancer was so difficult.

"A medical professional recommended that I speak to Insurancewith,” she adds. “I just couldn't believe the difference in its approach - and also the cost. It was so much cheaper than the mainstream brands that I'd previously been looking at."

Fi takes out single-trip cover for each holiday. Cover for her and her husband, Ewan, for a two-week trip to France in April cost ?85, for example. It is a stark contrast to the hundreds of pounds she could be charged with less specialist insurers. According to experts, it is a good idea to take out joint cover with the same insurer, even where one person in a couple does not have any preexisting medical conditions. The cost should not be any higher.

Mr Williams at Free Spirit says: "There could be complications if you need to cancel your trip due to illness, but your partner's separate insurance won't cover the cancellation."

Insurer AllClear offers Travelling companion' cover for travellers who are insured with a different provider for cancellation or curtailment as a result of the pre-existing condition of their travelling companion under AllClear. Think about purchasing travel insurance even for trips booked in the UK - because cancellation is among the main reasons for claiming on a policy for those with medical conditions.

How to Keep Premiums Down Shop Around:
Do your research and speak to different specialist insurers. A broker should be able to scour the market to find different policies to suit your needs at a reasonable price. Opt for a larger excess: By agreeing to pay a higher excess - the first part of any insurance claim that you must pay - it may be possible to lower the premium. Book holidays closer to the time of travel: If you can reduce the risk of cancellation due to ill health and can exclude cancellation cover from your insurance this should bring the premium down.

Consider changing destination and reduce length of trip: Insurance for travel to some countries will be much more expensive, so if you have not yet booked your trip talk to insurers and find out where might be cheapest. Shorter trips mean a lower risk of a claim and will bring insurance costs down.

Most insurers will ask about any treatment or prescribed medication you have taken within the last two years, or if you have been an in-or outpatient at a hospital, clinic or GP in the same time frame. It means if you had cancer three years ago, for example, but you can answer 'no' to these questions you will not need to declare the cancer and your premium should be much lower.

Cost Was Greater but Reasonable
Many holidaymakers with pre-existing conditions decide to take a gamble and travel without insurance because they feel the premium cost is unaffordable. But this is a high-risk strategy.

John Carpenter was extremely glad he had taken out annual travel insurance when he was forced to cancel a cruise he had booked for his wife Linda's birthday last year, after a lump appeared in his neck and he needed urgent chemotherapy.

John, in his early-60s, had been diagnosed with lymphoma in 2016. At that time doctors advised him to wait and see because his symptoms did not warrant immediate treatment. John and Linda, who love to travel, continued to take many holidays each year - although, due to his cancer, John now took out cover with specialist insurer AllClear, rather than buying cover through his travel agent as he always had done in the past.

“At ?500 for annual worldwide cover my condition did mean a significant increase to the cost of cover," says John. "But I felt it was reasonable considering the cruise I had planned and that it included the US, renowned for its high medical costs."

The couple received a 25% refund on the cost of their ?3,000 holiday from the cruise company and luckily, the terms of AllClear's cover meant that they could reclaim the remainder on their insurance, minus the ?250 excess.

"We were sent an email confirming our claim had been successful within two days," says John, "and the payment was in my bank account within seven days of making the claim.”

John responded well to treatment and has stem cell therapy planned. He has been advised he is well enough to go on holiday before this treatment starts and AllClear has provided a new policy, taking into account his current medical situation. He has taken out a single trip policy for ?200 for a seven-night break to Turkey.
BY JO THORNHILL
Souce Moneywise

« แก้ไขครั้งสุดท้าย: พฤษภาคม 24, 2023, 02:39:23 pm โดย anyaha »



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ตอบกลับ #5 เมื่อ: ธันวาคม 07, 2022, 05:29:04 pm
American LNG exports are surging, on the back of European demand

These are boom times for America’s  Liquified Natural Gas industry. Right now, producers can’t fill LNG  carriers quickly enough for the export markets of Europe and Asia. We're cooling it, cleaning it and liquefying it so that it can be stored and transported across the world. We have a very large arbitrage between Europe, Asia and the US. 10 dollars US gas, you know, 60 to 80 dollars international gas, that's a lot of money. If anybody would have told any of us up to very recently that we would see these levels of prices and this amount of tightness in the market, we would have shrugged that off.

Although not everyone’s happy about this sudden rise in global demand for American LNG. They're driving up the price of what it costs us to heat and cool our homes, because they want to take the natural gas and ship it overseas and make 10 times as much as they could selling natural gas in the United States. America’s exports of LNG have risen dramatically in recent years and last December, it  became the world’s biggest exporter of this super chilled fuel for the first time, topping Australia and Qatar. That’s despite a sharp drop in demand during the pandemic, which cast doubt on future investment in America’s LNG industry, especially as  government efforts to combat climate change seemed to dim the outlook for fossil fuels. We can and we will deal with climate change. It’s not only a crisis, it’s an enormous opportunity, an opportunity for America to lead the world in clean energy. Yet this year’s energy crisis, exacerbated by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, has spurred a dramatic turnaround, and output, measured in billions of cubic feet per day, or bcf, is once again climbing.  I can remember back in 2008, production was   at 55 bcf. Today, it's at 97.5, by the end of the year it'll be 100 bcf, next year it'll be 105. And we grow from there.

The gas is very much there and available, if we can get it to the seashores. The Gulf Coast around the Texas -  Louisiana border is the heart of America’s LNG export industry. The enormous Sabine Pass facility, where natural gas is processed into LNG, ready for shipping, is just one of several near here. Its owned by Cheniere, the nation’s largest LNG exporter. We use a process that makes it sweet,  dry, clean, lean and cold. So sweet, we remove the acids, any CO2 or H2S. Dry, then we remove any moisture. Clean, we remove any mercury that can potentially contaminate the downstream products.

Then we make it lean, we remove heavy hydrocarbons and finally cool it down, so it's liquid at atmospheric pressure. The natural gas is transformed into  liquid by chilling it to a temperature of about minus 162 degrees celcius. The LNG created occupies just 1/600th of the volume of natural gas, a huge advantage when it comes to transportation Most of Cheniere’s output is contracted to its customers, utilities, energy traders and oil majors, for the next decade plus. Those providers will route ships to the areas of highest demand. We saw that in Asia in the back half of last decade, Latin America a little over a year ago when it had extreme droughts. And now of course, as Europe has become the way we refer  to it as ‘the market of most need’. Reflecting a broader trend across the US LNG industry, over 70 per cent of the volume produced at Cheniere’s facilities this year has gone to Europe, about twice last year’s level. With output currently near maximum, a wave of approvals to build more LNG facilities like this one have been granted. But for some, in a region that faces the annual threat  of hurricanes, that’s a real concern. We currently have three LNG facilities here that export the natural gas in southwest Louisiana, and they have plans to put seven more. Really just insanity to try to place these facilities directly in the eyes of storms that keep coming.

At this press conference they’re calling for a halt to the LNG expansion needed to satisfy global demand, and not just because of the hurricane risk. Though a former oil industry worker himself, James Hiatt believes LNG’s contribution  to global warming is being ignored. I really feel for the Europeans. deeply, you know?  I think what the best option would be is to really invest in a transition in solar and wind. And yes, it's not the perfect solution today, but it will cut the dependency and the need for such a huge amount of gas. We will have to transition at some point. Why are we delaying it except for the profit margins of these companies? Natural gas consists largely of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. But when it comes to emissions, advocates argue LNG is the cleanest fossil fuel, as it produces 40 per cent less carbon dioxide than coal when it’s burned, and 30% less than oil. It emits negligible amounts of sulphur,  mercury and particulates. Cheniere says its introduction of greenhouse gas emissions data for each of its LNG cargoes is evidence of the company’s enhanced  environmental transparency. We are going to continue to be secure, affordable, reliable, and have the leg to the stool that is our climate commitment that we think will ensure natural gas's role in the energy transition for decades and decades.

President Biden certainly seems convinced. In March he promised to ramp up LNG  exports to Europe, arguing increased energy security for allies is compatible with his ambitious net zero climate goals. That long-term commitment is vital  for companies like Cheniere, whose multi-billion dollar facilities typically  require up to 20 years of guaranteed contracts to see a return on investment. And, though Europe is the priority market now, the future of American LNG may well be  tied to another continent entirely. Europe has 12 per cent of its energy needs met by coal. Asia has 46 per cent of its energy needs met by coal. So over the longer term, all of that coal is up for transition and the US very much has a role to play. For campaigners like James Hiatt though, a transition to LNG is no solution at all. We're just delaying the inevitable. We will run out of fossil fuels. Environmental campaigners may want the dependency on gas reduced immediately but that’s not happening this year. American LNG has helped alleviate massive disruption to Europe’s gas supply and if exporters are right, tankers like this will be sailing  to global markets for many decades to come.

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ตอบกลับ #6 เมื่อ: ธันวาคม 07, 2022, 05:29:34 pm
Has Big Oil changed
this is a historic hearing for the first  time top fossil fuel executives are  testifying together before Congress  under oath about the industry's role in  causing climate change just a big  tobacco today is accused of knowingly  covering up evidence of the harm that  tobacco products were causing so too big  oil is being accused of knowingly  crushing the scientific proof that  carbon emissions were essentially  contributing to global warming  [Music]  we live in a petroleum era and the  companies at the center of the oil  industry that constitute Big Oil they  have huge huge significance for the  global economy  they have been there for decades they've  been producing this oil for decades  they've been extremely profitable for  decades because they'll burn so much of  the stuff that they sell  these companies that represented  American capitalism Corporate America  were reliable dividend Pairs and so on  in recent decades the reputation has  changed they are trying to readjust the  impression from the general public  they're hostile to efforts to control  climate change but they have Decades of  lobbying against these rules to overcome  when there's an energy crisis the kind  that we're seeing now suddenly the  debate changes oil companies were being  told to stop producing these fossil  fuels now they're being asked by  governments around the world to produce  more of them so that's where some of the  tension lies  so in the old days right the industry  really got going uh by John D  Rockefeller right and he built in just  an incredible company that put its  competitors out of business by selling  kerosene at a lower price than everyone  else lighting fuel kerosene displaced  that and fortunately a couple decades  later gasoline became the main product  coming out of oil and Henry Ford and  cars but it started with a huge company  and standard oil was broken up into  Exxon and Chevron and mobile and these  huge companies heat Mobility mechanized  to agriculture modern medicine  quite literally the food we eat the  clothes we wear and the standard of  living we enjoy for more than 140 years  Chevron has proudly delivered energy  that drives the world forward  in the 70s there was a great book called  The Seven Sisters the seven major oil  companies five Americans British  Petroleum and shell and the amazing  scale they had across the global Island  Street and so we're viewed as is this  concentrated monopoly-like business this  was the era of course when we had places  like Texas and Dallas and that wonderful  soap opera where everyone had big hair  big cars and big was good today the  world has changed  [Music]  how dare you continue to look away  [Music]  thousands of companies have already  recognized the imminent threat of  climate change essentially big is no  longer seen as being automatically good  but more importantly the idea of big oil  is often allied with big tobacco in the  sense of big companies crushing  campaigners and whistleblowers and  people who are trying to highlight their  transgressions and using their political  muscle to really push forward with a  very negative agenda there's lots of  reasons to hate Big Oil there have been  spills across the world they've been on  the wrong side of of Human Rights you  know human rights abusing regimes and  places like Myanmar or or South Sudan or  wherever it is Libya  agitating for conflict or or being quick  to get into to conflict zones and not  caring too much about the authorities  and what they're doing to people they've  lobbied against rules on and new laws on  climate change and pollution and that is  really really blackened the image of the  industry  our products fuel hospitals schools  offices restaurants stores and homes  enable the movement of goods around the  world  and right to our very doorsteps  they create good paying jobs that  support families across the country I'm  a great fan of the comment by Upton  Sinclair the American novelist saying  it's very hard to get a man to believe  if his job depends on not believing we  all tend to turn our eyes away from  inconvenient truths and the case of  carbon emissions from Big Oil was  certainly one of those because they're  more visible than others you know when  you want to say You're really mad at the  oil industry it's big oil I hate big oil  and when you drive around you look at  Signs by gas stations you see Exxon you  see Chevron you see Conoco and they are  indeed big companies but again most of  those signs those are not their gas  stations they're branded uh they may and  they're buying gasoline from wherever  they can they're usually owned by a  local family but they're this image of  these evil greedy guys and then the  other thing about oil companies why they  have such a bad reputation since the  pandemic they have made more money  than they have ever dreamed of making  and they are making more money now than  than they burnt through during a decade  of debt fuel drilling binges across  Texas we're seeing this extraordinary  kind of financial windfall from from  higher oil prices and high gas prices uh  after Russia's invasion of Ukraine they  have capitalized on that tragedy to lock  in a huge amount of natural gas export  infrastructure they've been exporting  enormous amounts of LNG liquefied  natural gas what distinguishes big oil  from the thousands of other smaller oil  companies in the us as well  is their relationship with Washington  and you could do something here you  could tell them to knock it off for the  sake of the planet you could end it you  could end that Lobby the American  political system is filthy in every  sense in quite a literal sense in that  big oil has been very effective at using  its money to essentially buy political  access to push for its own self-interest  to ensure it has powerful lobbyists to  ensure that politicians know that they  rely heavily on big oils or donations in  many parts of America  I am Sheila krumholtz executive director  of open Secrets We are comprehensively  following the money  from K Street to Main Street from  Washington to each state capitol  the lobbying industry is a highly  advanced in Washington DC and has more  than 100 about a hundred and fifty  lobbying firms that Focus just on oil  and gas over time they have spent 2.6  billion dollars on lobbying in rank  sixth among all Industries look of  course there's lobbying efforts of  course our industry is Big so there's  lots of trade groups and in fact  sometimes they're lobbying for different  things there's different interests you  know a highly competitive Marketplace is  good for the little guys for big guys  you know a harder to get into industry  maybe is advantageous the other side of  the influence buying coin to lobbying is  campaign contributions political  contributions are investments in usually  an incumbent policy makers legislators  in the first 21 months of the 2022  election cycle oil and gas has spent  more than 150 million dollars 68 of that  favoring Republican candidates and  parties over time back to 1989 they've  spent more than 1.6 billion dollars on  political donations largest Organization  for us in Washington is the American  petroleum Institute API I'm sitting here  in the western states we have the  Western Energy Alliance because in the  western part of our country it's there's  a lot of federal lands so the Western  Energy Alliance focuses on policy on  federal lands in the Western United  States there's a organization that  represents the smaller companies the  domestic energy produced Alliance that's  based in Oklahoma but it's really  focused on the little guys the most  powerful Lobby groups in the world the  American petroleum Institute gets its  funding from Big oil companies and  smaller oil companies  but pretty much represents the interests  of of Big Oil in America and it is  extremely powerful in Washington it's  very knowledgeable it has alliances with  senators and representatives on both  sides of the house Democrats and  Republicans  third month has been higher so we're  using the same amount of energy but our  bill keeps going up and it can go higher  wow apparently it's a lack of access to  Affordable energy like gas and oil look  at this extreme environmental plan  a proposed ban on developing energy  sources on federal lands  so what does that mean API will Lobby  both on a federal level and on a state  level and we see a lot of that in their  direct lobbying to policy makers but  also in their advertising we've seen API  in particular  really Target ads towards  state level policies EV mandates in one  state whilst running ads against gas  bans in another like New York was a  recent one and so they function at both  levels that could really hurt folks on a  fixed income like your mom yeah  they are trying to readjust that  impression now and they're trying to  change  the impression from the general public  they're hostile to efforts to control  climate change but they have Decades of  lobbying against these rules to overcome  and and so that's where the some of the  tension lies  foreign  to one of the leaders of one of the  biggest American oil companies who told  me with real sincerity and conviction  that he'd spent most of his career in  his community really thinking that he  was doing nothing but good for the  American political economy and being  admired and respected and feeling very  proud of what he did  and then one day about four years ago  his own granddaughter came home and  begged him not to tell her new boyfriend  what he did for a job because she was so  ashamed of it  and the psychic shock for that man of  realizing that he'd gone overnight from  being a hero to a zero but his own  grandchildren and it was all of his  grandchildren couldn't bear to tell  their friends what his day job had been  was a real wake-up call  that's the kind of shock that many of  the leaders of the fossil fuel world  have essentially been experiencing in  the last few years so they they've moved  to a sort of a more sophisticated  messaging tactic they know that that's  an outright denying the reality of  climate change doesn't play well with a  big chunk of the American people so  instead what we've seen is a shift  towards these more nuanced and more  subtle tactics where the strategy is to  undermine and unpick science-based  policy action instead and that's  operating on an individual level with  specific policies but also around the  broader conversation  um and that will be things like  promoting gas as a climate solutions for  instance is an argument that we've seen  a lot of out of the U.S oil and gas  industry in groups like API and the  American Gas Association as well  um I'm really trying to undercut policy  that way but one area where experts  agree is that oil and natural gas will  continue to be the leading energy  sources for decades to come  and it is important that we take action  to reduce emissions while providing that  energy  the biggest driver of reducing  greenhouse gas emissions natural gas is  the fastest growing energy source on the  planet because it's mostly displacing  coal thank you for the question  congresswoman it's an important one and  one that we've been focused on for quite  some time is striking the balance of  continuing to meet the growing demand  for energy while reducing emissions  natural gas has been pointed out is one  step towards replacing higher emission  fuel systems we are also working on  reducing our own emissions at our plant  you know while it may have some  greenhouse gas benefits compared to Coal  it's still not a very clean uh source  and the industry is really using the  claim that it's cleaner than coal to  deceptively you know Green wash a  product that is very very problematic in  certain amount of climate change  it was the big debate in the industry  right now about what role big oil  companies are going to play in the  energy transition and you see companies  adopting very different strategies  really and you see an especially big  split between the American companies uh  and the European companies so European  companies like BP shell  total  are being much more aggressive going  into wind power solar power batteries  and these kind of Technologies  explicitly moving away from oil and  reducing their oil production you do not  see that in the U.S I mean I think the  U.S companies still when it comes down  to it see themselves as oil producers  they plan to continue producing oil  they hope to continue producing more oil  and growing their oil production  and kind of their strategy revolves more  around  producing oil but trying to reduce the  emissions from the soil so you know what  you hear from them is that you know oil  isn't the problem the emissions are the  problem carbon capture  hydrogen algae they emphasize  technological solutions that are you  know supposedly just around the corner  and they tend to downplay the ability of  Renewables to meet the world's energy  needs so it's a more sophisticated  tactic but the goal is really the same  to lock in as much profit from fossil  fuels as possible for as long as  possible there is debate about whether  it is Meaningful and in good faith or  whether it is being used to quote green  wash the companies so they're it's a  facade of dealing with the real issue of  climate change as opposed to really  grappling with transitioning their  industry away from fossil fuels it's  complicated there are lobbyists that are  working on  a wide array of issues there are also PR  professionals who are working with these  companies for these companies to shape  public opinion so it is not just what is  being reported by the registered  lobbyists and what's being spent on that  but also the money that is being  invested in  sophisticated advertising campaigns by  the companies so what we're reporting is  the tip of the iceberg it's really just  the beginning I think big oil has  attracted the opprobrium many many times  deservedly  but also sometimes it goes a bit over  the top I mean these are companies that  fundamentally began Life by digging  stuff out of the ground  providing it to us so that we could move  from one place to the other and that's  essentially what they still do they're  very good at making sure that that's  profitable and making sure that the  rules  don't stop them from being profitable  especially in the United States  but at their essence  they are providing a service that we all  rely on and  we really as consumers also need to  decide  what the future of big oil is because as  long as we continue to consume their  products and not resist the kind of car  dependent cultures that have risen in  Western economies  you know that's as long as we were  willing to keep consuming this stuff at  ever greater volumes each year  the more power we give to oil the oil  industry and and to Big Oil  yeah one of the interesting things we've  seen this year coming out of the  pandemic and after you know Russia's  invasion of Ukraine is a real shift in  the conversation around  some of these big oil players and like  Exxon and Chevron and the industry  itself and their kind of role uh in the  economy and their role in society  they're hearing the opposite signal  produce more oil produce more natural  gas we need it because we we want to  break a dependence on Russia because we  want to drive down gasoline prices we  need more and more and more it's a very  very mixed signal  but it's one that's brought some relief  to to Big oil companies if anyone thinks  that big oil is going to suddenly  implode or show up shop tomorrow or die  a dramatic death of the thought that  people like the activist Greta thuenberg  hope well I got news for you it ain't  happening the world is going to be  dependent on oil and gas for a pretty  long time  and what you're likely to see is a slow  stealthy reorientation or a shrinkage as  effectively oil and gas companies are  forced or encouraged to put more and  more emphasis onto Renewables but also  the world becomes more energy efficient  and better at using the supplies we have  in a much more effective way.



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ตอบกลับ #7 เมื่อ: ธันวาคม 07, 2022, 05:33:20 pm
Israel extends its high-tech barriers
The new fence at Israel's border with  Egypt stands about six meters high  reaches far underground and bristles  with sensors and high-tech surveillance  equipment aimed at stopping all whitby  trespassers Israel which is surrounded  by what it sees as hostile neighbors has  become an expert in border security or  put more simply building walls and  fences what you see here along the  Egyptian border is part of a bigger plan  by Israel to surround its entire  territory with a hi-tech fence Israel  began working on this fence a few years  ago ostensibly for security reasons but  also to stop African migrants and  refugees from entering the country  illegally the formidable barrier which  was completed in 2013 all but choked off  the flow of people from more than 12,000  and 2010 to just a dozen or two per year  now Shahana money an Israeli soldier who  works at the border tells me the fence  is so high that would be crossers need  the help of another person to get over  it and typically a ladder to touching  the fence activates an alarm while the  wall that Israel is best known for is  its controversial West Bank security  barrier which was built to stop suicide  bombings the country is now building  high-tech fences and walls around all of  its external international borders - the  aim of the project is to keep out what  Benjamin Netanyahu the country's  right-wing leader calls the beasts in  the neighborhood a reference to the  Islamist and jihadi groups active in the  Middle East Israel has become such an  expert in border technology that it is  now an export product that the country  is selling to customers in North and  South America Europe and Asia - Elbit  Israel's biggest listed defense group  has built what it calls an electronic  wall at the Arizona Mexican border for  the US Department of Homeland Security  Donald Trump the populist US  presidential candidate has famously  spoken of building a wall at the Mexican  border citing Israel as a testament to  the effectiveness of such barriers but  there is some evidence to the contrary  Israeli officials and local residents  who live near the Egyptian and Syrian  borders say that the new fences there  have indeed put a stop to mostly  crossings but what mr. Trump may not  know is that the West Bank separation  barrier is notoriously porous it gets  crossed illegally every week by  thousands of Palestinian workers and  occasionally by violent attackers - it  has a number of gaps in it which mr.  Netanyahu now says he wants to close  Rafa Rafa a Palestinian human rights  activist who fought the building of a  new section of wall near Bethlehem tells  me he has seen people using ladders  ropes and other means to cross the  barrier Israel claims that the world  works it claims that after building the  suppression was the number of attacks  dropped drastically against it on the  other hand I saw people jumping over the  special role on several occasions you  cannot try keep people locked up in a  certain area without giving them an  option to work and to fend for  themselves is a leave an Israeli  security consultant helped to build the  West Bank barrier when he was in the  military he concedes that while walls  can be effective tools for maintaining  security they are less good at stopping  economic migrants dead set on crossing  into a country when we talk about the  motivation of Palestinians you know to  come and get the employment in Israel  they will dare to cause and they will  invent new methods to coerce of course  that defenses is useful but not against  all cases and when there is a very  strong need to come to find a job in  Israel I think that there are many that  find those there holes in the fence and  succeed to go where to go go across  misters Eve also says that a physical  wall is just one part of a broader  border security strategy that should  also incorporate other tools and  policies including good neighborly  relations even Elbit who are building  the border system in Arizona say that  physical walls and fences including the  most high-tech ones have their  limitations and non-physical detection  systems offer moral  solution we believe that the electronic  solution has far more advantages than  any physical it does detect early a long  range  the information is gathered from multi  sensors Israel sees itself as a major  high-tech power and a microcosm of a  tougher world made more insecure  recently by terrorism the unchecked flow  of migrants and war if it's right the  move to cordon itself off through  imposing physical barriers and advanced  electronics could provide the rest of us  with a glimpse of things to come John  Reed Financial Times at the  israeli-egyptian border.


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ตอบกลับ #8 เมื่อ: มกราคม 27, 2023, 01:42:09 am
Top 10 Ways to Make Money Online
Are you tired of the 9-to-5 routine? Did our Worst Jobs video do nothing to make you feel better about your current employment? We may be able to help you, as always, with another great installment! This time, we’re tackling the top ten real ways you can make money online! These may not replace your full-time job immediately, but with a little time, patience and imagination, you could go create a career out of the comfort of your own home!

10. Online Psychic and Tarot Readings
Regardless of what you believe, there are those out there that swear by astrological readings, tarot cards, and psychics. That also means there are people out there that would pay others to provide said services, turning what some would consider ludicrous into a viable business. Via websites like Kasamba.com, alleged psychics can sign themselves up for paid live chat sessions and charge a specific amount per minute. Tarot readings are a bit more complicated to get started in, mostly because there are so many free services offered, but Craigslist has proved a viable starting point before moving onto your own online tarot reading service.

9. Online Surveys
Ever wonder how some companies make the decisions they do? Sometimes it’s an internal decision based off of figures and estimations, but consumer opinion can be a big part of change; but where would those opinions come from and how do  hey coax people to take the time to do a survey? Well, with online surveys and cash money, of course! There are plenty of websites that offer compensation for surveys, so much that the market is getting pretty saturated, but some sites are a bit more generous than others. If you aim to make some extra cash through online surveys, recommended sites include SwagBucks.com, OpinionOutpost.com, and Toluna.com, or for Android users, the app Google Opinion Rewards is a great way to earn a few bucks towards your Google Credit account.

8. Online Focus Groups
Like online surveys, online focus groups allow for convenient consumer and political research, but they require a bit more from the participants than clicking a few radio buttons. Rather than gathering a group of people in one location, though, everything is done in an online forum. As there isn’t much of an inconvenience to participants, not every online focus group pays, but if you’re looking for a quick buck, FocusGroup.com is a valuable resource. A moderator will steer the discussion, which is held over a web-based technology like WebEx and GoToMeeting, and you won’t have to deal with the awkwardness of face-to-face  iscussion.

7. Etsy
Feeling crafty and don’t know what to do with those 25 scarves you crocheted? You can try your luck at an arts and crafts show, spend the money to secure a table, and enjoy the blistering heat, or you can simply open an Etsy shop and sell your handmade product from the comfort of your own home. Members of the eCommerce site specialize in handcrafting unique items, leading to a community of over 1.6 million sellers and $2.39 billion in annual sales in 2015 alone. Additional to arts and crafts, Etsy also allows shops to carry vintage and antique items that are at least 20 years old.

6. eBay
Have a lot of junk that you think may be worth something? Since 1995, the online auction house has proved to be a fine means of unloading your unwanted stuff. While you’re free to sell just about anything you can find, those that have the potential to make the most money tend to either focus on limited collectibles, antiques or open their own eBay Store and specialize in stocking and selling anything from clothing to electronics to niche items like, uh, erotic postcards. One of the best ways to find stuff to sell on eBay is by visiting local thrift stores, garage sales and estate sales. Be sure to bring a device with an internet connection so you can price-check your lucky finds before you buy them!

5. Owning or Building a Website
Have a service you think you can offer? Is your mind filled with things that you’d love to throw out for the world to read? Think you have the know-how to turn an online space into an advertising mecca? You may want to shell out the minimal start-up cash to build yourself a website. Making money from a website is a long-term endeavor that takes a lot of patience and time, but if the formula can be perfected, your bank account can grow from ad revenue. If you are the creative type and know your way around Wordpress, or even better, can code, there are plenty of small brick-and-mortar and service companies looking to have a website built, and will often pay in the $1,000's.

4. Virtual Assistant
Thanks to the wonders of the internet, some jobs are able to leave the office setting and be done from the convenience of your home. One position, which offers the perks of a home setting and independence, is a virtual assistant. Much like an in-office assistant, virtual assistants act as a sort of liaison for a higher-up employee, scheduling meetings, fielding phone calls, performing research and record keeping, and partaking in conference calls and online meetings. Via e-mail, telephone calls, and online meeting software, virtual assistants communicate with fellow employees and not once do they need to slip into high heels or throw on a tie to get the job done.

3. Online Tutoring
Maybe you’ve pursued a career in teaching but find that it’s not at all what “younger you” thought it was cracked up to be. Maybe you’re in between teaching jobs or are just waiting for summer break to end. Whether the situation, your schooling doesn’t have to go to waste, especially not with online tutoring as a feasible alternative. Cutting out the need to deal with children in a face-to-face setting, online tutoring allows you to use your educational background to help people of all ages with homework, basic and advanced test prep, and general coursework. Even if you’re still pursuing a degree, so long as you’re a Sophomore in a 4-year degree program, sites like Tutor.com will consider you for an online tutor position.

2. Freelancing
If you have an ability to create something others may struggle with, such as an informative piece of writing, beautiful graphic logo, or piece of music, you could have a future as an online freelancer. Typically, freelancers are responsible solely for content, whether it be a company logo, website design or podcast theme song. Just knowing how to create something is one part of the battle as marketing yourself and finding clients can be far more frustrating and time-consuming. Websites like PeoplePerHour, Upwork.com, Fiverr.com and FlexJobs.com are vital resources for starting freelancers looking to remain and succeed in an online setting.

1. Own a YouTube Channel
It’s true, you can make quite a bit of money by owning and operating your own YouTube channel. What isn’t true is any inkling you may have that it’s easy to do. Many different factors go into what makes a YouTube channel successful, first and foremost being whether or not the idea is original and appealing. Though that doesn't mean you need any talent or expensive equipment, there are plenty of channels that have started or continue to use sub-par equipment, yet have a huge following. YouTube GradeAUnderA is a prime example - a channel that went from 50,000 to 2.8 million subscribers in just one year, utilizing only Microsoft Paint and Movie Maker to make his videos. YouTube is all about creativity and finding an audience that enjoys your content. Chances are if you find something funny, entertaining or educational, then someone else will too - so don't be afraid to start creating content and starting your career path on YouTube!



 

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